Use of Infinitive/ Present & Past Participle/ Gerund/ Verbal Noun* কোনো বাক্যে দুটি verb পরপর ব্যবহৃত হলে পরবর্তী verb-এর সাথে ing যুক্ত হয় ।Examples:i. I saw him (do) the job.
Ans. I saw him doing the job.ii. I saw the girl (to dance).
Ans. I saw the girl dancing.* কোন বাক্যে with a view to, confess to, look forward to, object to, would you mind, get used to, got used to, be + used to, ইত্যাদি থাকলে এর পরবর্তী verb-এর সাথে ‘ing’ যুক্ত হয়।Examples:
i. The man prayed to God with a view to (get) relief.
Ans. The man prayed to God with a view to getting relief.
ii. Would you mind (to open) the window?
Ans. Would you mind opening the window?* Listen, feel, watch, see, hear, notice, ইত্যাদি থাকলে এদের পরবর্তী verb এর সাথে ing যুক্ত হয়।Examples:
1. I heard him (to sing) a song.
Ans. I heard him singing a song.
ii. I saw the boy (to swim).
Ans. I saw the boy swimming.* বাক্যে remain, mind, feel, help, keep, like, ইত্যাদি থাকলে এদের পরবর্তী verb এর সাথে ing যুক্ত হয়।Examples:i. I cannot help (to go) there.
Ans. I cannot help going there.
ii. He would not mind (to come) here.
Ans. He would not mind coming here.কতিপয় Prepositional phrase যেমন – instead of, inspite of, despite, because of, capable of, fond of, insisted on, on account of, prevent from, succeed in, think of, ইত্যাদির পরে verb এর সাথে ing যুক্ত হয়।Examples:
i. He is not capable of (do) this.
Ans. He is not capable of doing this.
ii. He insisted on my (go) there.
Ans. He insisted on my going there.কতিপয় verb – যেমন love, prefer, continue, begin, like, dislike, hate, start, stop, try, ইত্যাদির পরে (v + ing) ও infinitive (to + verb) উভয় বসতে পারে।Examples:
We started (talk).
Ans. We started to talk.
Or, We started talking.Ask, attend, beg, begin, claim, consent, decide, demand, deserve, expect, fail, forget, hesitate, hope, afford, agree, appear, arrange, intend, learn, manage, mean, need, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, regret, seem, tend, threaten, wait, want, ইত্যাদি verb- এর পরে to + verb এর Present form বসে।Examples:I don’t want (buy) a car.
Ans. I don’t want to buy a car.Simple sentence-এ মূল verb এর পরবর্তী verb দ্বারা উদ্দেশ্য বুঝালে উক্ত verb এর infinitive হয় অর্থাৎ verb এর present form এর পূর্বে to বসে ।Examples:
He tried (do) this work.
Ans. He tried to do this work.Perfect tense have, has, had এর পরে মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।Examples:
The sailor had (to sail) away to the U.K.
Ans. The sailor had sailed away to the U.K.Passive voice গঠন করতে সাহায্যকারী verb এর পরে মূল verb এর past participle form বসে।Examples:
Rice is (eat) by us.
Ans. Rice is eaten by us.বাক্যে have, has, had, get, got, ইত্যাদি causative verb হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হলে, এগুলোর পরে ব্যবহৃত object এর পরবর্তী verb এর past participle form হয়।Examples:
I had my hair (to cut).
Ans. I had my hair cut.Having, to be, must be, can be, could be, should be, would be ইত্যাদির পরবর্তী verb এর past participle form হয়।Examples:
I went outside having (finish) my work.
Ans. I went outside having finished my work.
